Describe centre surround. What is the function of centre surround?

Describe centre surround. What is the function of centre surround?

A receptive field is arranged into a center-surround organization and each region responds to opposite to light. If a light falls at the center, it increases the firing of particular ganglion cells but if light falls on the surrounding, it decreases the firing of these cells.

The center-surround organization of ganglion cells is better designed to select edges in the visual environment

To be more specific when analysing the functioning of ganglion cells it is important to mention that we can have two ways in which rods are connected to such a cell. They can either be connected to a bipolar cell directly connected to a ganglion cell or they can be connected to a bipolar cell, which is connected to a horizontal cell, which is finally connected to a ganglion cell. The first type connection is in the centre of the ganglion cells receptive field. The second type of connection is the surround.
Keeping that in mind we also know that there are two types of ganglion cell organisation. An on centre, off surround ganglion cell and an off centre and on surround ganglion cell. They differ in the character of response they produce when light falls on either the surround or the centre.
In the case of an on centre, off surround ganglion cell the stimulation of the centre results in a depolarisation and a burst of impulses in response to the stimulus. If the light stimulates the surround of such a cell it results in hyperpolarisation and a burst of impulses after the stimulation which is called a post-inhibitory rebound.
In the case of an off centre, on surround cell we will have the opposite situation, namely the stimulation of the surround will result in depolarisation and the stimulation of the centre will result in hyperpolarisation.

The centre-surround organisation allows ganglion cells to transmit information about contrast due to the different firing rates of cells in the centre surround.

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