Explain the difference between the Standard Model of Consolidation and Multiple Trace Hypothesis

Explain the difference between the Standard Model of Consolidation and Multiple Trace Hypothesis

The Standard Model of Consolidation propeses that memory retrieval depends on the hippocampus during consolidation (transformation of new memories into a state in which they are more resistant to diruption), but that after consolidation is complete, retrieval involves the cortex and the hippocampus is no longer involved. Synaptic consolidation occurs at synapses and is rapid. Systems consolidation involves the reogrganization of cortical circuits and is slower. According to the Standard Model of Consolidation, as mentioned above the hippocampus is strongly active ''as memories are first formed but become less active as memories are consolidated, until eventually only cortical activity is necessary to retrieve remote memories''.

The Multiple Trace Hypothesis in contrast states that the hippocampus is involved both when memories are being established and during the retrieval of remote episodic memories. We could refer back to some experiments that have been done and which support the idea of this model. For example Asaf Gilboa (2004) elicited recent and remote episodic memories by showing participants photographs of themselves engaging in various activites (times ranging from very recently to when they were 5 years old). ''The results of this rexperiment showed that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of both recent and remote memories''.


There are however some findings that indicate that even though consolidation makes memories more stable, there is a possibility that ''even memories that are consolidated can be modified or eliminated''